Jamini Roy
jamini Roy (Bengali
11 April 1887 – 24 April 1972) was an Indian painter.
Early life
Jamini Roy was born in 1887 into a middle-class family of
land-owners in a village called Beliatore in the District of Bankura in Bengal
.
When he was sixteen he was sent to study at the Government
School of Art in Calcutta. He was taught to paint in the prevailing academic
tradition drawing Classical nudes and painting in oils and in 1908 he received
his Diploma in Fine Art.
he looked to the living folk and tribal art
for inspiration. He was most influenced by the Kalighat Pat, with its bold
sweeping brush-strokes. He moved away from his earlier impressionist landscapes
and portraits and between 1921 and 1924 began his first period of
experimentation with the Santhal dance as his starting point.
Style
His new style was threefold: to capture the
essence of simplicity embodied in the life of the folk people; to make art
accessible to a wider section of people; and to give Indian art its own
identity. He was awarded the Padma Bhusan in 1954. His work has been exhibited
extensively in international exhibitions and can be found in many private and
public collections such as the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. He spent
most of his life living and working in Calcutta. Initially he experimented with
Kalighat paintings. Jamini Roy died in 1972. He was survived by four sons and a
daughter. Currently his successors (daughters-in-law and grand children and
their children) stay at the home he had built in Ballygunge Place, Kolkata. His
works can be found in various galleries across the globe as well as in his
home.
Awards and honors
In
1934, he received a Viceroy's gold medal in an all India exhibition for one of
his work. In 1954 he was awarded the Padma
Bhushan by the Government of India.
Paul Cézanne
He was born on 19 january 1839 and died on22 oct 1906 a french artist
who laid foundation for rransition from 19th century conception to new world of art. Cézanne can be said to form the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism
and the early 20th century's new line of artistic enquiry
He used planes of colour and small brushstrokes
thatthat build up to form complex fields.
Early years and family
Paul
Cézanne was born on 19th January 1839 in the South of France.[2]
On 22 February, Paul was baptized in the parish church, with his grandmother
and uncle .[2]
His father, Louis-Auguste affording him financial security . At the age of ten
Paul entered the Saint Joseph school, where he studied drawing. In 1852 Cézanne
entered the Collège Bourbon (now Collège Mignet), He stayed there for six
years, though in the last two years he was a day scholar.
Life and work
Cézanne's early work is often concerned
with the figure in the landscape and includes many paintings of groups of
large, heavy figures in the landscape, Later in his career, he became more
interested in working from direct observation and gradually developed a light,
airy painting style. Poussin "after nature" underscored his
desire to unite observation of nature with the permanence of classical
composition
Exhibitions and subjects
Cézanne's paintings were shown in the first
exhibition of the Salon des Refusés in 1863, which displayed works
not accepted by the jury of the official Paris Salon.
The Salon rejected Cézanne's submissions every year from 1864 to 1869. He
continued to submit works to the Salon until 1882. In that year, through the
intervention of fellow artist Antoine Guillemet, he exhibited Portrait of
Louis-Auguste Cézanne, Father of the Artist, reading 'l'Evénement', 1866 (National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.),
his first and last successful submission to the Salon.[14]
Before 1895 Cézanne exhibited twice with the Impressionists (at the first
Impressionist exhibition in 1874 and the third Impressionist exhibition in
1877). In later years a few individual paintings were shown at various venues,
until 1895, when the Parisian dealer, Ambroise
Vollard, gave the artist his first solo exhibition. Cézanne was compelled
to design from his imagination, due to a lack of available nude models
Death
One day, Cézanne was caught in a storm
while working in the field.[17]
Only after working for two hours under a downpour did he decide to go home; but
on the way he collapsed. he was put to bed, and he never left it again.[17]
He died a few days later, on 22 October 1906.[17]
He died of pneumonia
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (US
Youth
Pierre-Auguste Renoir was born in Limoges, the child of a working-class family. As a
boy, he worked in a porcelain factory where his drawing talents led to him to paint designs on fine china.[2]
He also painted hangings for overseas missionaries and decorations on fans
before he enrolled in art school.[3]
1862, he began studying art under Charles
Gleyre in Paris. There he met Alfred
Sisley, Frédéric Bazille, and Claude
Monet.[4]
At times during the 1860s, he did not have enough money to buy paint. Although
Renoir first started exhibiting paintings at the Paris Salon
in 1864,[5]
recognition did not come for another ten years, due, in part, to the turmoil of
the Franco-Prussian War.
Maturity
Renoir experienced his initial acclaim when six of his
paintings were hung in the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874. In the same
year, two of his works were shown with Durand-Ruel
in London.[7]
On 15 january 1882 he made painting of
famous composer richard wagner in 35 mintues .in 1883 he made 15 painting in1
month. While living and working in Montmartre, Renoir employed as a model Suzanne
Valadon, who posed for him (The Bathers, 1885–87; Dance at Bougival, 1883)[10]
and many of his fellow painters while studying their techniques; eventually she
became one of the leading painters of the day. In 1890, he married Aline Victorine Charigohad
already served as a model for Le Déjeuner des canotiers (Luncheon of the Boating Party, 1881),
and with whom he had already had a child, Pierre, in 1885.[he had 3
sons. one of whom, Jean, became a filmmaker of note and another, Pierre,
became a stage and film actor.
Artworks
Renoir's paintings are notable for their
vibrant light and saturated colour, most often focusing on people in intimacy .
The female nude was one of his primary subjects. His initial paintings show the
influence of the colourism of Eugène Delacroix and the luminosity of Camille Corot. He also admired the
realism of Gustave Courbet and Édouard
Manet, and his early work resembles theirs in his use of black as a color.
As well, Renoir admired Edgar Degas' sense of movement. Another painter Renoir
greatly admired was the 18th-century master François Boucher.[14]
A fine exa mple of Renoir's early work, and evidence of the influence of
Courbet's realism, is Diana, 1867. still a 'student' piece
The works of his early maturity were typically
Impressionist snapshots of real life, full of sparkling colour and light. By
the mid 1880s, however, he had broken with the movement to apply a more
disciplined, formal technique to portraits and figure paintings, particularly
of women, such as The Bathers, which was created during 1884–87. It was
a trip to Italy in 1881, when he saw works by Raphael and other
Renaissance
masters, that convinced him that he was on the wrong path, and for the next
several years he painted in a more severe style, in an attempt to return to
classicism.[18]
This is sometimes called his "Ingres period", as he concentrated
on his drawing and emphasized the outlines of figures.[19]
After 1890, however, he changed direction again, returning
to thinly brushed colour to dissolve outlines as in his earlier work. From this
period onward he concentrated especially on monumental nudes and domestic
scenes, fine examples of which are Girls at the Piano, 1892, and Grandes
Baigneuses, 1887. A prolific artist, he made several thousand paintings. The
warm sensuality of Renoir's style made his paintings some of the most
well-known and frequently-reproduced works in the history of art. The single
largest collection of his works—181 paintings in all—is at the Barnes
Foundation,
Vincent Willem van Gogh
Vincent
(dutch)Born 30 March 1853 in Zundert was a painter famous for rough beauty and
bold colors . The son of a pastor Theodorus van Gogh, brought up in a religious
and cultured atmosphere, Vincent was highly emotional and lacked
self-confidence. Unfortunately there is virtually no information about Vincent
van Gogh's first ten years. Van Gogh attended a boarding school in Zevenbergen
for two years and then went on to attend the King Willem II secondary school in
Tilburg for two more. At that time, in 1868, Van Gogh left his studies at the
age of 15 and never returned. Van Gogh spent his early adulthood working for a
firm of art dealers, traveling between The London and Paris, Vincent's uncles,
were art dealers. His youngerbrother,wasnworking as an art dealer. Vincent van
Gogh would remain in London for two more years. During that time he visited the
many art galleries and museums and became a great admirer of British writers .Between
1860 and 1880, when he finally decided to become an artist,
In
his life van Gogh had had two unsuitable and unhappy romances and had worked
unsuccessfully as a clerk in a bookstore, an art salesman, and a preacher in
the Borinage (a dreary mining district in Belgium), where he was dismissed for
overzealousness. he died in Netherlands Died 29 July 1890 (aged 37) His
work was then known to only a handful of people and appreciated by fewer still.
Van Gogh began to draw as a child, and he continued to draw .during the last
two years of his life. In just over a decade, he produced more than 2,100
artworks, consisting of 860 oil paintings and more than 1,300
watercolors, drawings, sketches and prints. His work included self portraits, landscapes,
still lifes of flowers, portraits and paintings of cypresses,
wheat fields and sunflowers.
from 1879 he worked as a missionary. he began to sketch people from the local
community. The works of his early Dutch period are somber-toned, sharply lit,
In 1885, he painted his first major work The
Potato Eaters. In March 1886, he moved to Paris to join his brother
Théo, the manager of Goupil's gallery. In Paris, van Gogh studied with Cormon,
inevitably met Pissarro, Monet,
and Gauguin,and discovered the French
Impressionists. One day he had a fight with
gauguin , accidently his ear wwas chopped off . Later, he moved to the
south of France and was impacted by the strong sunlight he found there. His
work grew brighter in color, and he developed the unique and highly
recognizable style that became fully realized during his stay in Arles in 1888. watchful
eye of Dr. Gachet. In May of 1890hwent to live in Auvers-sur-Oise . Two months
later he was dead, having shot himself "for the good of all." During
his brief career he had sold one painting
